Militancy Conflicts and Displacement in Swat Valley of Pakistan: Analysis of Transformation of Social and Cultural Network

Abstract

The paper examines the impacts of militancy conflict and internal displacement (2008 - 2009) on social and cultural system of the people of Swat valley, Pakistan. The research analyze that how militancy conflict and displacement radically changed the functio ning of socio - cultural system of pukhtoonwali (a code of ethics), such as Jirga (Council of elders), hospitality and Hujra (place of guest) which in past maintained peace and harmony in society through their social networks. The conflict and internal displ acement affected the social fabric in terms of social relations, cooperation, trust and interactions between various ethnic and social groups. However, consequences of conflict and internal displacement encouraged men and women of different social classes to stand up for their rights and develop new social networks. Nevertheless, the paper argues that the social and cultural system be reconsidered in terms of its possible contribution to peace and development in conflict affected societies.