The European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is a severe pest in mature spruce forests, with the potential to cause widespread tree mortality. Managed forests are suggested to be particularly susceptible to I. typographus ...

Lichens are present in almost all terrestrial ecosystems, and in some of them, they are the main primary producers. Most studies focus on vascular plant communities, even studies on ecosystems where lichens represent an ...

This was an acoustic telemetry study investigating lacustrine habitat utilization of anadromous population of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) located in Storvatnet in Hammerfest multiplicity northern Norway. Arctic charr’s ...

Functional traits are becoming increasingly important tools to evaluate plant community response to climate change. Artificial warming treatments can shift community-level trait values as a consequence of intraspecific ...

Aquatic macrophytes play an important role in freshwater ecosystems. They are primary producers, promote good water quality, and provide food and habitats for various organisms, including fish. When macrophytes have ...

Anthropogenic environmental changes cause direct and indirect negative effects on alpine ecosystems. Human activities are accelerating the greenhouse effect and fragmenting and changing habitats. Increased temperature has ...

Even though scientists have extensively studied the barn owl (Tyto alba), there is limited information on how climatic conditions influence parental food provisioning in barn owls on a local scale. Worsened climatic ...

The sex ratio of animals at birth has long been a topic of genetic, evolutionary, and biological interest. In polygynous species, mothers in good condition are typically expected to produce more males, while mothers in ...

Climate change advances the timing of life-cycle events (i.e., phenology) in plants, especially in cold biomes where the temperatures have increased twice as fast as in other biomes. In cold biomes, warmer temperatures ...

This thesis studied the effect of stand density on ingrowth, mortality, and volume increment in selectively cut stands in Norway. The effects of stand structure on growth were also addressed by determining the size-growth ...