Dengue mosquito immature production in residential and non-residential houses of Lalitpur district, Nepal

Abstract

In Nepal, entomological surveys on Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus were focused more on residential houses ignoring non-residential houses. The result of this project suggests that non-residential premises may have the chances to produce a large proportion of the dengue mosquito immature production. However, the total number of dengue vectors were found higher in residential houses compared to non-residential houses. It is because fewer nonresidential houses were found in the study area and sampled (n = 32) than that of residential houses (n = 68). The Repeated sampling was conducted within 100 houses, 8 times in fourmonth period at two seasons, pre-monsoon (May, June) and post-monsoon (August, September). The Stegomyia indices: House Index, Container Index and Breteau Index were found higher in non-residential houses than that of residential houses. The statistical analysis using negative binomial regression model in between two houses type for immature stage of dengue mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) shows that there are no significant differences between house type, that is p>0.05. The analysis shows strong significant differences with very low p-value (p<0.05), when compared two seasons. Seven different types of container classified by shape, use, and material for both species (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus) contributed about 72-74% and other miscellaneous 26%. So vector control should be focus targeting all productive containers. Mosquitoes abundance in the study area was influence by climatic variables, mosquito density which was highest in fifth survey after monsoon when there was relatively a low rainfall (5.9 mm), humidity (95.4%) and high temperature (23.28°C).